![]() ![]() ![]() Problems playing this file? See media help. In Paris, the Sousa Band marched through the streets to the Arc de Triomphe, one of only eight parades that the band marched in during its 40 years. Sousa organized The Sousa Band the year that he left the Marine Band, and it toured from 1892 to 1931 and performed at 15,623 concerts, both in America and around the world, including at the World Exposition in Paris and at the Royal Albert Hall in London. Conn recreated the instrument in 1898, and this was the model that Sousa preferred to use. Sousa wanted a tuba that could sound upward and over the band whether its player was seated or marching. Pepper at Sousa's request, using several of his suggestions in its design. The marching brass bass or sousaphone is a modified helicon created in 1893 by Philadelphia instrument maker J. Garfield in 1881 and Benjamin Harrison in 1889. Sousa's band played at the inaugural balls of James A. He led "The President's Own" band under five presidents from Rutherford B. ![]() Sousa returned to the Marine Band as its head in 1880 and remained as its conductor until 1892. He then joined a theatrical pit orchestra where he learned to conduct. Sousa completed his apprenticeship in 1875 and began performing on the violin. Sousa was enlisted under a minority enlistment, meaning that he would not be discharged until his 21st birthday. That same year, Sousa began studying music under George Felix Benkert. Sousa's father was a trombonist in the Marine Band, and he enlisted Sousa in the United States Marine Corps as an apprentice at age 13 to keep him from joining a circus band. During this period, Sousa wrote his first composition, "An Album Leaf", but Esputa dismissed it as "bread and cheese", and the composition was subsequently lost. Esputa shared his father's bad temper, and the relationship between teacher and pupil was often strained, but Sousa progressed very rapidly and was also found to have perfect pitch. Sousa's real music education began in 1861 or 1862 as a pupil of John Esputa Jr., the son of his previous teacher under whom Sousa studied violin, piano, flute, several brass instruments, and singing. However, this was short-lived due to the teacher's frequent bad temper. Sousa began his music education under the tuition of John Esputa Sr., who taught him solfeggio. John Philip Sousa was born in Washington, D.C., the third of ten children of João António de Sousa (John Anthony Sousa) (September 22, 1824 – April 27, 1892), who was born in Spain to Portuguese parents, and his wife Maria Elisabeth Trinkhaus (May 20, 1826 – August 25, 1908), who was German and from Bavaria. In the 1920s, Sousa was promoted to the permanent rank of lieutenant commander in the naval reserve. He then returned to conduct the Sousa Band until his death in 1932. Upon the outbreak of World War I, Sousa was awarded a wartime commission of lieutenant commander to lead the Naval Reserve Band in Illinois. He aided in the development of the sousaphone, a large brass instrument similar to the helicon and tuba. From 1880 until his death, Sousa focused exclusively on conducting and writing music. In 1880, he rejoined the Marine Band and served there for 12 years as director, after which Sousa was hired to conduct a band organized by David Blakely, P.S. He left the band in 1875, and over the next five years, Sousa performed as a violinist and learned to conduct. Sousa's father enlisted him in the United States Marine Band as an apprentice in 1868. Sousa began his career playing violin and studying music theory and composition under John Esputa and George Felix Benkert. Among Sousa's best-known marches are " The Stars and Stripes Forever" (National March of the United States of America), " Semper Fidelis" (official march of the United States Marine Corps), " The Liberty Bell", " The Thunderer", and " The Washington Post". He is known as "The March King" or the "American March King", to distinguish him from his British counterpart Kenneth J. John Philip Sousa ( / ˈ s uː z ə, ˈ s uː s ə/ SOO-zə, SOO-sə, Portuguese pronunciation: November 6, 1854 – March 6, 1932) was an American composer and conductor of the late Romantic era known primarily for American military marches. ![]()
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